After a turbulent two years, new research from the Mastercard Economics Institute reveals that global leisure and business flight bookings1 have surpassed pre-pandemic levels, while spending on cruise lines, buses, and trains saw sharp improvements this year.
A new report, Travel 2022: Trends and Transitions, delivers critical insights across 37 markets about the global state of travel in a post-vaccine and less restricted chapter of the pandemic era.
Importantly, if flight booking trends continue at their current pace, an estimated 115 million more passengers in Eastern Europe, the Middle East, and Africa will fly in 2022 compared to last year, according to an analysis by the Mastercard Economics Institute.
Drawing on a unique analysis of publicly available travel data, as well as aggregated and anonymized sales activity in the Mastercard network3, the report dives into key elements of the traveler’s journey.
Leisure and business flights surpass pre-pandemic levels: Travel recovery has been a large consumer story for much of the pandemic. By the end of April, global leisure flight bookings surpassed 2019 levels by 25%; short- and medium-haul leisure flight bookings were up 25% and 27%, respectively.
Global business flight bookings exceeded pre-pandemic levels for the first time in March, with long-haul specifically growing double-digits in April. The return to the office was an important driver. In the Middle East specifically, recovery in international travel bookings only accelerated from mid-2021 after the launch of Covid vaccination campaigns and eased travel requirements in the Western hemisphere. It has also been supported by Middle Eastern national carriers increasing their scheduled flights to more destinations.
Business travel in Eastern Europe, the Middle East, and Africa are returning at a much slower pace. Short-haul bookings led the recovery, but only exceeded 2019 levels in March 2022, while medium-haul and domestic bookings remain 16% and 40% below 2019 levels, respectively, as of April 2022.
Domestic travel choices still lead among consumers in Eastern Europe, Middle East, and Africa: Since the onset of the pandemic, domestic travel has been the itinerary of choice for consumers in Eastern Europe, Middle East, and Africa, although the recovery has been haphazard.
Domestic bookings surged and doubled pre-pandemic levels at the end of November 2020, collapsed in January 2021, jumped to more than 20% above pre-pandemic levels in February 2021, and collapsed again in mid-2021 before staging a more steady and sustained recovery. It exceeded pre-pandemic levels from February 2022.
Hard-hit transportation industries see spending rebound: Recent spending levels point to greater comfort with group travel. Global spending on cruises gained 62 percentage points from January to the end of April, though remains below 2019 levels. Buses are back at pre-pandemic levels, while passenger rail spending remains 7% below. Meanwhile, car road trips maintain their appeal, with spending on tolls and auto rentals up nearly 19% and 12%, respectively.
Among consumers in Eastern Europe, the Middle East, and Africa, spending on passenger railways outperformed the rest of the world since January 2021, and the region has a much higher sustained spend increase over the same period in 2019. Within auto-rentals, tourist spending has also been on a gradual recovery, exceeding 2019 levels on a more sustained basis from January 2022.
Travel spending shifts back to experiences4 over things: For the better part of a year, international tourists spent more on experiences instead of souvenirs when in the destination. Experiential spending is now 34% above 2019 levels; the areas seeing the largest spending increases are bars and nightclubs (72%) and amusement parks, museums, concerts, and other recreational activities (35%).
In the U.K., spending growth each month in 2022 more than doubled compared to 2019 levels, currently 140% for April. The global trend toward the Experience Economy has also reached Eastern Europe, the Middle East, and Africa, although half a year later than the global aggregate. In South Africa, for example, although both spendings on goods and experiences tend to trend similarly, growth in spending on experiences relative to 2019 levels has sustained around a 20 percentage point lead over goods spend since January 2022.
Loosening of restrictions recalibrates tourism map for 2022: Not surprisingly, the ability and convenience of travel has been a driving factor in booking destinations, though 2022 has provided a clean slate with restrictions loosened in much of the world, aside from parts of Asia-Pacific.
The result is that the U.S., U.K, Switzerland, Spain, and The Netherlands are now the top destinations for tourists globally5. For travelers from Eastern Europe, the Middle East, and Africa, the United Kingdom has been the choice destination in the ongoing recovery, with demand exceeding that of the United States. The United Kingdom’s “Freedom Day” lifting of restrictions in July 2021 contributed to this trend. European destinations make up most of the top 10 destinations for travelers from Eastern Europe, the Middle East, and Africa.
